Pheidole nigeriensis is a polygynous ant species with a colony size of up to 20,000 workers. They have a fast development speed and the queen measures between 6.5-8 mm, while the workers are 2.5-4 mm and majors are 4-5.5 mm in size. They have a varying intensity of brown coloration and their nutrition includes food insects, syrup, fruits, vegetables, jelly, and cooked chicken.